Strict Focus: Chapter-wise
1. Solutions
Numericals on Osmotic Pressure and Elevation of Boiling Point.
Graphical representation for positive and negative deviations from Raoult's Law.
2. Chemical Kinetics
Derivation of the half-life for a first-order reaction.
Numericals for rate constant (k) and half-life (t1/2).
Calculation of Activation Energy (Ea) using the Arrhenius equation.
3. Electrochemistry
Graph of molar conductivity vs. square root of concentration (√c) for strong and weak electrolytes.
Calculations using the Nernst equation (Standard Gibbs energy and cell potential).
Anode/cathode reactions for the Lead-storage battery and the H2-O2 Fuel Cell.
4. The d- and f- Block Elements
"Give Reason" questions on why transition metals act as catalysts.
Why they form colored ions.
Why Lanthanoid contraction causes identical radii for elements like Zr and Hf.
5. Coordination Compounds
Applying Valence Bond Theory (VBT) to predict geometry, hybridization, and magnetic behavior (e.g., Ni(CN)₄ and Co(NH₃)₆ complexes).
Drawing geometric isomers (cis/trans).
6. Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Differentiating SN1 and SN2 reactions, including the stepwise mechanism (especially for tert-butyl bromide).
Reasoning for why aryl halides are less reactive to nucleophilic substitution.
7. Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Chemical tests, specifically the Lucas test (1°, 2°, and 3° alcohols).
Key Name Reactions: Reimer-Tiemann, Kolbe’s, and Williamson synthesis.
Reactions of Phenol with Bromine water and Nitric acid.
8. Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
Key Name Reactions: Cannizzaro, Aldol condensation, Rosenmund, Clemmensen, and Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky (HVZ).
Tollens' test to distinguish aldehydes from ketones.
9. Amines
The Hinsberg Test (to distinguish 1°, 2°, and 3° amines).
Reasoning questions on why aniline is less basic than ammonia or alkylamines.
The Carbylamine reaction.
10. Biomolecules
Differences between globular and fibrous proteins.
Essential versus non-essential amino acids.
Drawing and explaining the Zwitter ion structure.
Glycosidic linkage in disaccharides.
